electronic components classifications

We have known the PCB board classifications,but how about the electronic components classifications

It is an indisputable fact that there are many kinds of electronic components, so what kinds of electronic components can be divided into? If detailed, it is really a huge project. Let’s just briefly introduce the five types of electronic components and their related categories!

1. Classification by manufacturing industry: components and devices The classification of components and devices is based on whether the molecular composition and structure of materials are changed in the process of component manufacturing. It is the concept of industry division. In the component manufacturing industry, devices are manufactured by semiconductor enterprises, while components are manufactured by electronic component enterprises: products that do not change the molecular composition and structure during processing.
Such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, potentiometers, transformers, connectors, switches, quartz/ceramic components, relays and other devices: products that change the molecular composition and structure during processing, mainly various semiconductor products, such as diodes, triodes, field effect transistors, various optoelectronic devices, various integrated circuits, etc., as well as electric vacuum devices and liquid crystal displays.

2. Divided by circuit function: discrete and integrated discrete devices: independent devices with a certain voltage current relationship, including basic reactance components, electromechanical components, semiconductor discrete devices (diodes, bipolar triodes, field effect transistors, thyristors) and other integrated devices: commonly referred to as integrated circuits, it refers to a complete functional circuit or system made in a package using integrated manufacturing technology, Components with specific circuit functions and technical parameters.

The essential difference between discrete devices and integrated devices is that discrete devices only have simple voltage current conversion or control functions, and do not have circuit system functions; However, integrated devices can form completely independent circuits or system functions. In fact, integrated circuits with system functions are no longer simple “devices” and “circuits”, but a complete product. For example, digital television systems have integrated all circuits into one chip, which is still customarily called integrated circuits.

3. Divided by working mechanism: passive and active passive components and active components, also known as passive components and active components, are divided according to the working mechanism of components. They are generally used to discuss the circuit principle of passive components: components that only consume the input signal energy of components during operation can process and transmit signals without power supply.
Passive components include active components such as resistors, potentiometers, capacitors, inductors, diodes, etc.: the basic condition for normal operation is that the corresponding power supply must be provided to the components. If there is no power supply, the components will not work. Active components include transistors, field effect transistors, integrated circuits, etc. They are components made of semiconductor as the basic material, and also include electric vacuum components.

4. Classification by assembly method: Before the appearance of surface assembly machine, all components and parts were assembled on the circuit board in a plug-in manner and the surface assembly technology was more and more widely used in modern times. Most components and parts have two types of packaging: plug-in packaging and mounting. Some new components and parts have been eliminated from plug-in packaging. Insertion: when they are assembled on the printed board, holes need to be drilled on the printed board, The components whose pins are soldered on the other side of the circuit board usually have long pins and volumes.
Mounting: components with short pin or no pin chip structure that are assembled on the printed board without punching holes on the printed board and whose leads are directly mounted on the copper foil of the printed board

5. Classification by use environment: reliability of components There are many kinds of circuit components. With the continuous improvement of electronic technology and process level, a large number of new components are emerging. For different use environments, the same component also has different reliability standards, and corresponding different reliability has different prices. For example, the price of military products of the same component may be ten times that of civilian products, or even more, and industrial products are between the two.
Civilian goods: household, entertainment, office and other fields with general reliability requirements and high cost performance requirements;
Industrial products: industrial control, traffic, instruments and meters with high reliability requirements and general cost performance requirements;

Military products: military, aerospace, medical and other fields with high reliability requirements and low price sensitivity

So same with the PCB board  classifications, this is also the simple electronic components classifications